突涌地质隧道TSP法弹性参数判识研究

结合云南4座在建高风险隧道典型突涌实例,对不同不良地质发生突涌的地质情况及突涌段落地震波反射法(TSP)的预报成果进行总结,分析各类突涌发生的工程地质条件和地震波反射法物理参数,归纳隧道突涌地质特征,得出大规模突涌时地震波反射法物理参数中纵波速度V_p、横波波速V_s、纵横波速比V_p/V_s和泊松比σ四项参数的判断标准:(1)富水时,V_p/V_s与σ都呈增长趋势,V_p/V_s变化率增长约5%以上,σ变化率增长约10%以上;(2)富水时,V_p/V_s由1.7→2.0变化,σ由0.25→0.3变化;(3)层状裂隙或构造破碎时,V_p均呈下降趋势;(4)存在裂隙及富水通道时,V_s均呈下降趋势;(5)V_p和V_s同时下降时,围岩破碎及地下水发育程度同步上升;(6)V_p上升、V_s下降时,围岩完整程度变化不大,地下水或裂隙发育程度上升。     

并列弹性双圆柱体流体脉动力的实验研究

本文通过试验研究了并列弹性双圆柱体在均匀流场中的脉动压力及其动态响应，给出了双柱间距直径比T／D＝1．75，2．5，3．5和4．19×104＜Re＜9．1×104范围中柱表面脉动压力沿圆柱周向的分布以及脉动升力和阻力系数．试验结果表明，柱的振动对其脉动升力和阻力系数有明显的影响．     

整体硫化弹性铁垫板结构设计研究

整体硫化弹性铁垫板属于橡胶-金属复合材料,目前普遍应用于铁路、航空、船舶等各行业。整体硫化弹性铁垫板结构特点突出,其弹性均匀,列车运行平顺性好,可提高乘客舒适度;有效限制橡胶劣化途径,可提高产品使用寿命;产品结构适应性好,还能有效降低列车运营振动噪声。重点结合地铁压缩型减振扣件用弹性铁垫板结构设计,论述其关键参数、结构设计、生产制造工艺、相关测试等方面内容,研究弹性铁垫板结构关键参数和型式尺寸接口设计方法,针对结构设计重要参数之一垂直静刚度进行简化计算和有限元分析,并通过相关检验和实测,数据完整翔实。     

SAWI在水泥混凝土路面薄层罩面中的应用

文章结合广清高速公路水泥混凝土薄层罩面结构设计实例,介绍了应用高弹改性沥青应力吸收层（SAWI）的水泥混凝土加铺薄沥青层的路面结构设计过程,阐述了SAWI的性能特点与施工质量控制的方法和重点,并对其实际使用性能进行了跟踪检测。结果表明：应用SAWI的水泥混凝土薄沥青层加铺技术可较好地抵抗反射裂缝,并能减少路面厚度,降低工程造价,是一项具备良好发展前景的水泥路面加铺新技术。     

某型气垫登陆艇燃气涡轮发电机组弹性轴断裂分析

介绍了气垫登陆艇的故障现象,通过故障现象分析,对故障进行了定位,通过对故障件进行理化分析、金相组织分析、断口分析,设计图样与实物的制造符合性分析,最后采用实例建模进行了强度校核,得出某型气垫登陆艇燃气涡轮发电机组弹性轴断裂的故障模式。     

旧路加宽路面结构适用性分析

应用弹性层状体系理论对路面结构在不均匀沉降条件下的附加应力状况进行了计算。计算结果表明,在不均匀沉降位移作用下,降低基层材料模量,有利于路面各层合理受力;半刚性基层容易引起附加应力过大而产生结构性破坏;柔性基层更适合在旧路加宽路面结构中使用。     

Exact and simplified estimations for elastic buckling pressures of structural pipe-in-pipe cross sections under external hydrostatic pressure

Structural pipe-in-pipe cross sections have significant potential for application in offshore oil and gas production systems because they combine thermal insulation performance with structural strength and self weight in an integrated way. Such cross sections comprise inner and outer thin-walled pipes with the annulus between them fully filled by a selectable filler material to impart an appropriate combination of properties. Structural pipe-in-pipe cross sections can exhibit several different collapse mechanisms, and the basis of the preferential occurrence of one over the others is of interest. This article presents an exact analysis for predicting the elastic buckling behaviours of a structural pipe-in-pipe cross section when subjected to external hydrostatic pressure. Simplified approximations are also investigated for elastic buckling pressure and mode when the outer pipe and its contact with the filler material is considered as a pipe on an elastic foundation. Results are presented to show the variation of elastic buckling pressure with the relative elastic modulus of the filler and pipe materials, the filler thickness, and the thicknesses of the inner and outer pipes. Case studies based on realistic application scenarios are used to show that the simplified approximations are sufficiently accurate for practical structural design purposes.     

A capacity restraint transit assignment with elastic line frequency

This paper proposes a new formulation for the capacity restraint transit assignment problem with elastic line frequency, in which the line frequency is related to the passenger flows on transit lines. A stochastic user equilibrium transit assignment model with congestion and elastic line frequency is proposed and the equivalent mathematical programming problem is also formulated. Since the passenger waiting time and the line capacity are dependent on the line frequency, a fixed point problem with respect to the line frequency is devised accordingly. The existence of the fixed point problem has been proved. A solution algorithm for the proposed model is presented. Finally, a numerical example is used to illustrate the application of the proposed model and solution algorithm.     

弹性支承块轨道结构落轴冲击动力性能分析

将轮轨接触边界条件用罚函数法释放,采用点面接触单元导出轮轨接触有限元控制方程,建立轨道结构落轴冲击动力有限元方程。分析落轴冲击对轨道结构产生的动态响应,比较弹性支承块及短轨枕埋入式整体道床轨道结构的动力性能,并用现场实测数据进行验证。结果表明:弹性支承块轨道结构与普通短轨枕结构相比,其轨下及块下刚度易于调整,可进行双层弹性的合理匹配,从而有效吸收轮轨冲击,提高列车运行平稳性,具有减振降噪与延缓轮轨磨损等优越性能。建议其块下刚度稍大于轨下刚度,增幅值控制在20%以内。     

差异沉降对加筋土挡墙筋带内力与变形的影响

采用正交设计进行加筋土挡墙缩尺模型试验。通过对筋带延伸率、筋带密度、筋带与面板连接方式三个可变因素的二水平4组试验,研究墙后填土与墙面板之间的差异沉降对筋带变形的影响。结果表明,差异沉降导致筋带不再保持原来的水平位置,其竖向变形可以用指数曲线描述。应用弹性薄膜理论与筋土相互作用耦合方程对筋带变形及内力进行的分析表明,差异沉降导致的筋带应变由水平位移和竖向挠度共同引起,该应变比常规设计中筋带应变大,将导致筋带受力条件恶化,挡墙安全度降低。