牙齿移动机制的实验研究

目的　通过模型测量和组织学观察 ,探讨牙齿移动发生的机制。方法　以犬的下颌第二前磨牙为实验对象 ,采用模型测量分析试验牙的移动情况 ;通过HE染色和改良三色染色进行组织学观察。结果　无前后邻牙及有无对牙合的试验牙 ,6周时向近中的移动量分别是 1.17mm、0 .6 9mm ;无远中有近中邻牙及有无对牙合的试验牙 ,6周时向远中的移动量分别是 0 .94mm、0 .5 4mm ;组织学观察显示各实验组的实验牙向移动方向侧的牙周组织结构无明显差异 ,向移动方向相反侧的固有牙槽骨表面均有不同程度的新生骨生成。结论　牙齿移动的量、方向与颌骨内应力的分布、越隔纤维存在与否及牙齿移动方向上的阻力有无均有密切的关系 ;牙槽骨改建的量与牙齿移动的量呈正相关

An experimental study of tooth movement

Objective To study the mechanism of tooth movement by model measurement and histological observation. Methods The second premolar teeth of 9 heathy hybrid dogs were used as experiment teeth. The second premolar movement distance was calculated and analysed by measuring the models. We observed HE and trichrome stain histological changes of the experimental teeth by light microscope. Results The experimental teeth with no neighbor teeth and with or without antagonist teeth migrated mesially 1.17 and 0.69, respectively at week 6; The experimental teeth with no distal neighbor but with or without antagonist teeth migrated distally 0.94 and 0.61, respectively, at week 6. There were no obvious differences for periodontal tissues in all the groups, and there were newly born on proper alveolar bone surface. Conclusion The direction and the movement distance of experimental teeth were closely related with oral internal stress, transseptal fibers and resistance force; the migration of teeth is related with the reconstruction of alveolar bones and the stress distribution in the bone.