基于复杂网络的北京地铁网络化发展分析

为了能够更好地针对地铁网络化运营的特点，分析地铁网络安全的管理方向，选取 2009、2012、2015 和2019 年 4 个时间节点，运用 Space-L 方法构建北京地铁网络拓扑结构，通过对比分析地铁站点与线路加入所产生的变化情况。基于复杂网络理论的相关概念，从动态和静态两个角度提出了 6 个评价指标，从而定量分析地铁网络建设对网络结构、性能的影响。结果表明，北京地铁在网络结构上的变化不大，并且从站点的比例来看，北京地铁网络中的功能特性仍然集中在少数站点。然而由于网络规模的迅速扩大，这部分站点的绝对数量有了大幅度提升，因此北京地铁的网络化管理需要从关注重点站点向网络化、系统化过渡。

Analysis of Network Development of Beijing Subway Based on Complex Network

In order to enable the development of a targeted management direction for subway network security according to the characteristics of the network operation of the subway, this study analyzes four special time points in the development of the Beijing subway (2009, 2012, 2015, and 2019, respectively). Four different Beijing subway network topologies were constructed for each point in time using the Space-L method, and were analyzed to determine the impact of a new subway station and line on the structure and functionality of the subway. Based on the related concepts of complex network theory, six evaluation indicators are proposed from the perspectives of dynamic and static indicators. Therefore, the impact of the subway network construction on the network structure and performance can be quantitatively analyzed. The results show that the Beijing subway shows little change in the network structure. From the perspective of the stations, the functional characteristics of the Beijing subway network are still concentrated in a few stations. However, due to the rapid expansion of the network scale, the number of these sites has been significantly improved. Therefore, the network management of the Beijing subway system needs to evolve from focusing only on important stations to focusing on the entire network in a more systematic manner.