任意形状三元阵水下目标被动定位研究

针对传统三元阵安装布放要求较高，且只能给出目标二维位置信息的问题，提出了一种基于矢量水听器的任意形状三元阵三维定位算法，采用一个矢量水听器和两个声压水听器组成阵列，利用矢量水听器给出的信息解算目标方位角，推导了任意形状三元阵条件下目标俯仰角和距离的计算公式，从而实现了对目标三维位置信息的获取．消声水池的实验结果表明：新方法能够对声源目标准确定位，在环境噪声干扰下表现出较好的性能，具有一定的工程应用价值．

Study on Passive Localization of Underwater Target by Arbitrary-shape Three-sensor Array

Since the conventional three-sensor array is rather demanding in its deployment yet only pro- vides the two-dimensional position of the target, a new three-dimensional localization algorithm using arbitrary-shape three-sensor array is proposed to solve this question. The array is composed of a vec- tor hydrophone and two scalar hydrophones. The vector hydrophone is used to measure the azimuth of the target and then deduce the formulas of calculating the pitch angle and distance of the target in the array. All these contribute to the final acquisition of three-dimensional of the target. The results of the experiment in anechoic tank suggest that the new algorithm can precisely locate the acoustic source and performance well amid noise. It is applicable in engineering.