船闸闸室明沟形式及消能效果分析

船闸侧墙廊道闸室明沟消能工布置及消能效果的优劣,直接影响闸室内船舶所受系缆力大小及停泊安全。利用局部模型,在恒定流情况下,对侧墙廊道闸室内布置单明沟机加槛、双明沟及三明沟消能工充水过程进行试验研究;分析和比较各明沟形式的剩余比能、动能及流场分布,综合评判各形式明沟消能工的消能特性,并在整体模型上进行了试验验证。研究结果表明:三种明沟形式比较,三明沟布置消能效果最优。双明沟消能形式较单明沟消能水体增大较多,消能工布置灵活,消能空间大,水流分布亦较单明沟更为均匀,在减小闸室内横向水流对船舶作用力方面较单明沟形式优越。因此,综合比较,双明沟消能效果较单明沟要好。

On form and energy dissipation effect of lock chamber's open ditch

The layout of energy dissipater and the effect of energy dissipation of lock chamber sidewall corridor ditches impact directly the mooring force and berthing safety of vessels in the lock chamber.Using the local model and in the case of the steady flow,we carry out an experimental research on the energy dissipater water-filling process of the single ditch,double ditches and three ditches in the lock chamber sidewall corridor,analyze and compare the residual specific energy,kinetic energy and distribution of flow field of various types of ditches,evaluate comprehensively the energy dissipation characteristics of energy dissipater of each type of ditch,and verify them in the overall model.The results show that comparing three kinds of open ditches,the best arrangement of the effect of energy dissipation is three ditches.Comparing with single ditch,the double ditches are characterized by more energy-dissipation water and more flexible energy dissipater arrangement.The energy dissipation space of double ditches is larger,the distribution of flow field is more homogeneous than the single ditch,and it is better to decrease the acting force of the lock chamber transverse flow to ship than the single ditch.Therefore,the effect of energy dissipation of double ditches is better.