自动驾驶汽车侵权责任分配探析

自动驾驶汽车之自主性,使现有侵权责任体系面临较大挑战。正是基于对传统模式下驾驶员拥有完全汽车驾驶权的突破,一旦遇到侵权案件,只拥有部分或者没有驾驶权的驾驶员承担责任的大小,驾驶系统承担责任的有无,最终由谁来为被侵权人的损失"买单",现有法律并未明文规定。通过对生产者责任、系统开发者责任与驾驶者责任分析,提出构建责任保险与赔偿基金、完善配套基础设施建设以及顶层制度设计的建议。

Analysis on the Distribution of Tort Liability for Autonomous Vehicles

The autonomy of self-driving vehicles makes the existing tort liability system face greater challenges.It is based on the breakthrough of the traditional mode that the driver has the complete right to drive the car.Once there is an infringement case,the driver who only has part or no driving right should bear the responsibility,whether the driving system bears the responsibility or not,and who will ultimately"pay"for the loss of the infringed,which is not explicitly stipulated in the existing laws.Based on the analysis of producer responsibility,system developer responsibility and driver responsibility,this paper puts forward suggestions on the construction of liability insurance and compensation fund,improvement of supporting infrastructure construction and top-level system design.