几种初至自动拾取算法在地震波法隧道超前探测中的对比分析

在地震勘探中,尤其在浅层地震勘探、层析成像和地震波法超前探测中初至时间拾取精度直接影响勘探区域地质结构的反演结果，初至时间的自动拾取也是隧道超前地质预报地震数据处理的一个关键环节。介绍4种初至自动拾取算法--最大振幅法、能量比法、STA/LTA（长短时窗比）法和AIC（峰度赤池信息量准则）法，利用云南某隧道超前地质预报采集到的1组地震数据，对4种初至自动拾取算法进行对比分析，结果显示SLA/LTA算法拾取的初至时间更为精确，AIC法、能量比法次之。进一步利用其他隧道超前地质预报采集到的几组数据进行对比分析，获得相同结论。

Applicable Comparison among Several First Arrival Time Automatic Pick up Methods in Tunnel Advance Detection by Seismic Wave

In seismic exploration, especially in shallow seismic exploration, tomography and seismic wave method, the first arrival time picking accuracy directly affects the inversion results of the exploration area geological structure. The automatic pick up of the first arrival time is also a key seismic data processing node in tunnel advance geological prediction. In this paper, 4 first arrival time automatic pick up algorithms, namely maximum amplitude algorithm, energy ratio algorithm, STA/LTA algorithm and AIC algorithm, are introduced; and the 4 algorithms are compared and analyzed based on a set of seismic data collected using the pre earthquake prediction of a tunnel in Yunnan. The results show that the first arrival time of the SLA/LTA algorithm is more accurate, followed by those of the AIC method and the energy ratio method. And same conclusion is obtain by comparing and analyzing other sets of data collected by the tunnel advance geological prediction.