基于事故机理和追责的地铁隧道坍塌事故分析与防范策略

为掌握地铁隧道坍塌事故机理，强化生产安全事故防范和地铁隧道施工中重点环节、关键工序的风险管控，对当前城市地铁隧道施工中出现的坍塌事故原因和类型进行分析，深化对地铁隧道施工坍塌形成机理的认识，提出预防事故发生必须以安全生产法律法规和施工安全标准规范为准则，构建风险管控和隐患排查双重预防机制。结合具体案例对盾构隧道事故发生的直接原因及所存在的问题进行深入分析，在探究事故原因和违法违规追责行为分析基础上，从安全生产管理原理出发，完善地铁施工安全责任体系、完善地铁施工安全法规和技术标准体系、完善分级分类建立地铁施工安全风险管理体系、加快信息技术与安全生产的深度融合等方面，提出地铁隧道坍塌事故的防范措施。

Analysis of Metro Tunnel Collapse Accident Based on Accident Mechanism and Responsibility and Its Prevention Strategy

The study of the mechanism of metro tunnel collapse accident and the strengthening of construction risk prevention and the risk control of key links and processes in metro tunnel construction are of great significance. Hence, the causes and types of collapse accidents in current urban rail transit tunnel construction are analyzed; recognition of the formation mechanism of metro tunnel construction collapse is further deepened; it is pointed out that the prevention of accidents must be guided by safety production laws and regulations and construction safety standards; a dual prevention mechanism of risk control and hidden danger investigation is established; the direct causes and existing problems of shield tunnel accidents is analyzed in depth with specific cases; and the causes and violations of the accidents are explored. On the basis of the analysis of irregularities and responsibility seeking behavior, the preventive measures for metro tunnel collapse accidents are provided from the aspects of improving the safety responsibility system of the metro construction based on the principle of safety production management, further improving and perfecting the safety regulations and technical standards system of metro construction, establishing the safety risk management system of metro construction by grading and classifying, speeding up the deep integration of information technology and safety production, etc.