基于模型试验的浅埋暗挖隧道施工过程中地表建筑物变形规律研究

为研究城市浅埋暗挖隧道施工过程中地表建筑物的变形规律，通过物理模型试验并采用3D扫描对地表建筑物沉降进行监测，同时采用数字散斑技术（DIC）对建筑物模型墙体的应变进行监测，得到浅埋暗挖隧道施工过程中建筑物墙体的应变规律。研究结果表明： 1）当建筑物中轴线与隧道中轴线平行，建筑物模型位于隧道正上方时，模型的各项应变随着与开挖掌子面距离的增大而减小； 2）建筑物模型受扭转产生的剪切应变主要受模型角点的不均匀沉降差值影响，不均匀沉降差值越大，受扭剪切应变越大； 3）建筑物模型受弯产生的拉伸应变和剪切应变主要受各角点沉降值的影响，沉降越大（即挠曲越大），产生的挠曲拉伸应变和剪切应变也越大。

Study of Deformation Law of Surface Buildings during Construction of Shallow buried Mined Tunnel Based on Model Test

The physical model test and 3D scanning technology are used to monitor the settlement of surface buildings during construction of urban shallow buried mined tunnel, and the digital image correlation (DIC) technology is used to monitor the strain of the building model wall to gain the strain law of the building wall during the construction of shallow buried tunnel. The study results show that: (1) When the axial line of the building is parallel to the axial line of the tunnel and the building model is distributed directly above the tunnel, the strain of the building model decreases with the increase of the distance from the excavating face. (2) The shear strain induced by torsion in the building model is mainly affected by the uneven settlement difference of building model corner point; the larger the difference of uneven settlement, the greater the shear strain. (3) The tension compression strain and shear strain produced by deflection of building model are affected by the settlement value of each corner point; the larger the settlement (deflection), the greater the flexural tension compression strain and shear strain.