平整冰中破冰船操纵性能初步预报方法

  目的  为了分析冰区航行船舶与碎冰之间的相互作用，  方法  运用离散元模型结合欧拉多相流，对船舶在碎冰区域航行时船体与碎冰之间的相互作用关系进行探索。计算不同航速、不同碎冰密集度下船体的受力情况，并对冰船接触冰时的运动响应进行分析，从直观上解释碎冰阻力的变化原因，以及桨前来冰的运动情况。  结果  得出船体所受冰阻力主要是由碎冰与船体表面的摩擦和碰撞产生，并随航速的增大而增大，但当航速增大到一定值后，碎冰阻力不再增加，甚至还有减小的趋势。  结论  研究的工作可为冰区船型优化及其螺旋桨设计提供理论支撑。

A standard method for the conduct and analysis of ice resistance model tests

  Objectives  In order to explore the interaction between a hull and crushed ice,  Methods  a discrete element model is combined with Euler multiphase flow. The force of a hull under different speeds and different ice levels is calculated, and the motion response of ice during ship-ice interaction discussed. The reasons for ice resistance and movement change are explained intuitively.  Results  The ice resistance of the hull is obtained, mainly due to the friction and collision of the crushed ice and hull surface, which increases with the increase of the speed, but when the speed increases to a certain value, the crushing resistance no longer increases and even reduces the trend.  Conclusions  This provides a reference for the optimization of ship type for ice zones, as well as propeller design.