铁路网运分离的理论依据——铁路运输业的自然垄断性质分析

由于需求及自身技术特点的变化，铁路运输业已经失去了原来全产业自然垄断的性质。只是在其中的路网部分具有自然垄断性质，而在路运（铁路运营）部分不具有自然垄断的特征。认清这一点可以为中国即将进行的铁路运输业的改革与改组提供理论依据。文章从论证自然垄断产业的本质特征和经济特征出发，进而剖析了铁路运输业的经济特征，并对路网和路运两部分的自然垄断性质作了理论研究，旨在为实现网运分离找到可信的依椐。

Theorehcal Bases for Seoaration of Railway Network from Transportation

Due to the changes in demands and the technical features of itself, the railway transportation industry has lost the original nature of natural monopoly for the whole industry. It is only the railway network portion ofthe industrythat still in possession ofthe nature of the natural monopoly, while the portion of the railway operation is no longer in possession of the nature of the natural monopoly. The clear understanding of this point can provide the theoretical basis for the reform and restructuring of the railway transportation industrythatwill soon be carried out in China.