城市道路轻型汽车行驶工况构建

为了制定标准车辆能耗规范和标定车辆排放，优化汽车使用性能，以呼和浩特市区道路上轻型汽车为研究对象，对轻型汽车行驶工况进行了分析. 首先通过中国汽车检测工况研究和开发（China automotive test cycle，CATC）专用数据采集设备，收集了74台车辆的行驶工况样本数据，数据采集覆盖所有时段类型、道路类型、轻型车类型和驾驶员类型；其次通过加权二次构建控制不同车辆类型的比例，采用主成分分析和聚类分析预处理数据，制定短行程规则；最后将运动学片段进行裁剪和特征值分类，构建了城市道路轻型汽车行驶工况. 研究结果表明:CATC平均速度为25.87 km/h，运行平均速度为33.92 km/h、匀速比例为20.59%，怠速比例为23.72%，加速比例为28.56%，减速比例为27.13%. 与欧盟提出的轻型车循环测试工况相对比，平均速度、运行平均速度、匀速比例低于欧洲工况，加速比例、减速比例、怠速比例高于欧洲工况. 

Light-Duty Vehicles Driving Cycle Construction Based on Urban Roads

In order to regulate vehicle energy consumption, calibrate vehicle emission and optimize vehicle performance, the driving cycles of light-duty vehicles on the urban roads of Hohhot is analyzed. Firstly, the 74 sample data of driving cycles were collected through special data acquisition equipments of CATC (China automotive test cycle). These samples cover tall types of roads, light-duty vehicles and drivers. Secondly, weights were assigned to different vehicles to set vehicle type proportion. The sample data are processed by principal component analysis and clustering analysis and the short segment rules are formulated. Finally the kinematic segments are clipped and their characteristics values are classified. Thus, the operating conditions of light-duty vehicles on urban roads are constructed. The results show that the average speed of CATC is 25.87 km/h, average running speed is 33.92 km/h, uniform speed ratio is 20.59%, idling ratio is 23.72%, acceleration ratio is 28.56% and deceleration ratio is 27.13%. Compared to the European Union (EU) cycle test condition, the average speed, average running speed and uniform speed ratio are lower than those of the EU standard, while the acceleration ratio, deceleration ratio and idling ratio are higher.