真空管道运输系统发展现状及展望

作为一种新型交通系统，真空管道运输系统将悬浮列车技术和低气压管道技术相结合，理论上能够最大限度地减小列车高速运行时的摩擦阻力和气动阻力.为了促进真空管道运输系统的发展，从基本原理角度，系统论述了真空管道运输系统的可行性及车辆、管道、驱动装置等子系统关键构成，指出了其快速、便捷、安全、环保和高效等优势；介绍了国内外真空管道运输系统的研究现状，包括美国ET3、美国Hyperloop、瑞士超高速地铁Swissmetro，以及西南交通大学真空管道高温超导磁悬浮车试验平台，比较分析了各单位在车辆、管道、驱动装置及造价等方面的技术特点和优势；展望了当前发展真空管道运输系统亟需解决的关键问题，并指出车轨作用、高速直线牵引、气动和散热、管道密封以及管道内通信、救援这几个方面是今后需要重点研究的领域. 

Present Situation and Prospect of Evacuated Tube Transportation System

As a new type of transit system, the evacuated tube transportation system, combining magnetic levitation train technology and low-air-pressure tube technology, theoretically decreases friction and aerodynamic drag of high-speed trains as much as possible. In order to promote the evacuated tube transportation development, from the point of view of fundamental principles, the feasibility and the key components of vehicle, tube and propulsion were systematically discussed. Meanwhile, its advantages such as fast, convenience, safety, environmental protection and high efficiency were pointed out. The research status of the evacuated tube transportation system was introduced, including the ET3 (America), the Hyperloop (America), the Swiss Super High-speed Metro Swissmetro, and the evacuated tube high temperature superconducting maglev vehicle test platform of Southwest Jiaotong University. Their technical characteristics and advantages in vehicle, tube, propulsion device and cost were compared and analyzed. The key development and research issues which need to be urgently solved were prospected, such as train/track interaction, high-speed linear propulsion, aerodynamics and heat dissipation, tube sealing, in-pipe communication and rescue.