US residential charging potential for electric vehicles |
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| Institution: | 1. Mechanical Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, 5000 Forbes Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA;2. Civil and Environmental Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Porter Hall 123J, 5000 Forbes Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA;3. Mechanical Engineering, Engineering and Public Policy, Carnegie Mellon University, Scaife Hall 324, 5000 Forbes Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA;1. Department of Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA;2. Electricity, Resources & Building Systems Integration, National Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO, USA;1. Institute of Transportation Studies, University of California, Davis, United States;2. Graduate School of Management, University of California, Davis, United States;3. Department of Economics, University of California, Irvine, United States;4. Transportation, Technology, and Policy Program, Institute of Transportation Studies, University of California, Davis, United States;1. Department of Civil Engineering, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8603, Japan;2. EcoTopia Science Institute, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8603, Japan;3. Institute of Innovation for Future Society, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8603, Japan |
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| Abstract: | We assess existing and potential charging infrastructure for plug-in vehicles in US households using data from the American Housing Survey and the Residential Energy Consumption Survey. We estimate that less than half of US vehicles have reliable access to a dedicated off-street parking space at an owned residence where charging infrastructure could be installed. Specifically, while approximately 79% households have off-street parking for at least some of their vehicles, only an estimated 56% of vehicles have a dedicated off-street parking space – and only 47% at an owned residence. Approximately 22% vehicles currently have access to a dedicated home parking space within reach of an outlet sufficient to recharge a small plug-in vehicle battery pack overnight. Access to faster charging, required for vehicles with longer electric range, will usually require infrastructure investment ranging from several hundred to several thousand dollars, depending on panel and construction requirements. We discuss sensitivity of results to uncertain factors and implications for the potential of mainstream penetration of plug-in vehicles. |
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| Keywords: | Plug-in vehicles Charging infrastructure Parking |
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