A justice-theoretic approach to the distribution of transportation benefits: Implications for transportation planning practice in the United States |
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Authors: | Karel Martens Aaron Golub Glenn Robinson |
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Institution: | a Institute for Management Research, Radboud University Nijmegen, Nijmegen, P.O. Box 9108, NL-6500 HK Nijmegen, The Netherlands b School of Geographical Sciences and Urban Planning and School of Sustainability, Arizona State University, P.O. Box 875302, Tempe, AZ 85287-5302, USA c School of Engineering and Institute for Urban Research, Morgan State University, 1700 East Cold Spring Lane, Baltimore, MD 21251, USA |
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Abstract: | Transportation improvements inevitably lead to an uneven distribution of user benefits, in space and by network type (private and public transport). This paper makes a moral argument for what would be a fair distribution of these benefits. The argument follows Walzer’s “Spheres of Justice” approach to define the benefits of transportation, access, as a sphere deserving a separate, non-market driven, distribution. That distribution, we propose, is one where the maximum gap between the lowest and highest accessibility, both by mode and in space, should be limited, while attempting to maximize average access. We then review transportation planning practice for a priori distributional goals and find little explicit guidance in conventional and even justice-oriented transportation planning and analyses. We end with a discussion of the implications for practice. |
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Keywords: | Justice Equity Access Walzer Rawls |
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