高速公路收费广场车道合理化配置研究

为评估ETC使用率提升后对收费广场通行效率的影响，并提出合理车道配置方案，依托深圳机荷高速福民收费站车道布设和收费数据，建立包含跟驰和换道行为的收费广场交通行为模型，开发收费广场交通运行微观仿真平台。分别针对平、高峰时段，以ETC车道数及使用率为变量设计80组仿真方案，综合评价不同方案下收费广场通行效率。与实测结果的对比表明：仿真平台对平、高峰时段交通量误差仅为3.46%和6.45%，为收费广场车道配置仿真分析提供了准确、可靠的实验平台；未来ETC使用率提升至90%时，福民收费站最优车道配置方案为“4条ETC车道加 5条ETC/MTC混合车道”，此时高峰时段单车平均延误可降至2.93 s·veh-1，较目前的60.23 s·veh-1 降低95%。结合交通量、交通组成及ETC使用率开展收费广场车道合理化配置研究，可为收费广场设计、运营提供关键技术支撑。

Rationalized Lanes Configuration for Expressway Toll Plaza

This research aimed to evaluate the traffic efficiency of expressway toll plaza and propose the rationalized lanes configuration scheme due to the increase of the ETC utilization rate. Based on the static layout and toll data of Fumin, a ramp toll station in Shenzhen Jihe expressway, the traffic behavior model in toll plaza, including carfollowing and lane- changing model, was established. The micro- simulation platform of traffic operation of the toll plaza was developed. According to the traffic status variation during non-peak and peak hour, 80 groups of simulation schemes were designed, taking ETC utilization rates and the number of lanes into consideration. The traffic efficiency under different schemes was comprehensively evaluated. The comparison with the actual results demonstrates that the simulation platform errors of traffic volume for usual and rush hour were only 3.46% and 6.45%, providing an accurate and reliable experimental platform for the simulation analysis of toll plaza lane configuration. In the future, when the ETC utilization rate is increased up to 90%, the optimal lane configuration scheme for Fumin is 4 ETC lanes plus 5 ETC/MTC mixed lanes. During rush hour, the average delay per vehicle could be conduced to 2.93 s · veh- 1 , a 95 percent reduction from the current 60.23 s· veh-1 . The toll plaza's rationalized lanes configuration should be conducted by combining traffic volume, traffic composition, ETC utilization rate. It provides crucial technical support for the scientific design and operation of the toll plaza.