考虑多路径选择的定制电动公交线路优化

为提高定制电动公交系统运营效率，本文探讨了考虑多路径选择的定制电动公交线路优化问题。首先，构建描述该问题的混合整数规划模型，以实现线路与路径的双重决策优化。模型以运营总收益最大化为目标，在约束中考虑定制电动公交特性，如车容量，乘客出行时间窗，续航里程，访问站点数等。其次，为求解模型，设计新的自适应大邻域搜索算法，提出相应的初始解生成规则和邻域搜索算子，并通过算例验证算法的有效性。最后，基于实际路网及乘客出行时空需求进行实证分析，验证多路径选择可进一步优化定制电动公交线路。结果表明，本文方法可根据优化目标为运营者提供多种线路运行方案，为定制电动公交线路规划提供依据。

Customized Electric Bus Routing Optimization Considering Multi-path Selection

To improve the operational efficiency of customized electric bus system, this paper investigated the customized electric bus routing problem considering multi- path selection. A mixed integer programming model was developed to describe the problem and to optimize both the bus routes and traveling paths. The model aimed at maximizing the total profit with the consideration of the constrains of customized electric buses characteristics which include vehicle capacity, passenger travel time window, battery charge, visiting stations, etc. To solve the algorithm, a new adaptive large neighborhood search algorithm was proposed with initial solution generation rules and neighborhood search operators. The effectiveness of the proposed algorithm was verified by numerical examples. The empirical analysis was conducted based on the actual road network and passenger travel spatial- temporal demand, which verified the effectiveness of multi-path selection on bus route optimization. The results show that the proposed method can generate diverse route operation schemes for operators, which provides useful references for customized electric bus route design.