波浪作用下陡坡和缓坡地形对护岸工程的影响

波浪是护岸工程设计的主要动力因素,实际工程建设中,港区内航道、港池的开挖形成陡峭边坡,会使作用在护岸上的波浪形态发生显著变化,从而对护岸结构产生不同影响。为探寻不同波浪形态下护岸越浪量及波压力等变化规律,通过波浪水槽断面试验,测量了斜坡式护岸堤前波高、胸墙越浪量和波压力,研究陡坡和缓坡地形对护岸的影响。结果表明,护岸前存在陡坡和缓坡地形时,波浪对护岸的作用有明显差别。在陡坡段护岸,波浪主要在护岸中部破碎;缓坡段护岸,波浪主要在护岸上部破碎。相对而言,陡坡段护岸的堤前波高较小,越浪量较少,胸墙水平力变大,浮托力变小。由于反浪弧的影响,胸墙水平力试验值远大于规范计算值,浮托力与规范值较为接近。

Influence of steep slope and mild slope on revetment under wave action

The wave is the main dynamic factor in design of revetment engineering.In practical projects,the steep slope is formed by dredging and it makes a significant change in the wave form,which produces a different impact on the revetment structure.In order to explore the regularity of wave overtopping and wave pressure under forces of different wave forms,we measure the wave height,overtopping and wave pressure of slope revetment in a wave flume to study the influence of steep slope and mild slope on the revetment.The results indicate that the impacts of wave on the revetment differs a lot with the steep slope and mild slope.For the steep slope,waves are mainly broken on the middle of the revetment.While for the mild slope,waves are mainly broken on the upper of the revetment.The wave height,overtopping and uplift wave force of steep slope are relatively smaller than those of the mild slope.But the horizontal wave force is larger than that of the mild slope.The measured horizontal force is much larger than the calculated result by the design code because of the influence of arc section while the uplift force from the test is close to that calculated by the code.