国内外实时交通流数据质量控制比较与分析

交通流数据质量控制可以保证从数据源所获得数据的正确性和完整性，并为数据的管理和应用提供可靠的数据基础，虽然历史数据修正方法和交通流理论修正方法能够用于质量控制，但难以实现推广应用。根本原因在于前者需要大量历史数据，引发了存储上的困难；后者需要针对不同路段进行重复建模，模型通用性差，且准确性难以评价，鉴于此，本文首先研究并设计了基于线性插值法的道路交通流数据质量控制方法，该方法主要以时间点邻近数据为参考，对交通流参数和时间点分别进行判别修正，其优点在于不需要大量的历史数据，且适用性和可操作性强，其次，本文建立了实时交通流数据质量控制平台，针对北京市和美国圣安东尼奥市的数据进行质量控制处理，归纳总结出国内外实时交通流数据在质量控制前后的特征及差异，证明该方法能够有效的解决数据质量问题，最后，本文针对实时交通流数据质量控制方法的选取、交通探测器选择和配置等方面提出了建议。

Comparative Analysis of Quality Controls of Real-Time Traffic Flow Data

The quality control of traffic flow data is to ensure the completeness and accuracy of the data obtained from the data source, and provides reliable data for the data management and application, Although the historical data based correction method and the traffic flow theory based correction method can be applied to the quality control, neither can be generalized for real applications. The primary reasons are that the historical data correction based method requires huge amount of historical data resulting in difficulties in storage, while the traffic flow theory based correction method is only used for modeling specific links, which cannot be generalized to other links, and it is difficult to determine its correctness. In this context, this paper first presents a linear interpolation based approach to the quality control for the road traffic flow data, This approach utilizes the adjacent data as the reference to not only interpolate the traffic flow data, but also adjust the temporal points. The approach does not require a significant amount of historical data, and thus is suitable to the real-time traffic flow data quality controls of any roads. Furthermore, the paper establishes a traffic flow data quality control platform, on which the traffic flow data from Beijing in China and San Antonio in U.S. are processed for the quality controls, The results are subsequently compared and their primary characteristics for before and after quality controls are summarized and the proposed method is also proved to be effective. Finally, suggestions about the choice of the quality control method, the choice of traffic detection and configuration are provided.