城市高密集人群区域机动车污染物时空分布及健康影响

为了研究城市高密集人群所处环境中SO2,NO2及CO的污染水平及暴露风险,以高校校区为例,采用微型监测仪Cairpol对高校4个监测点(门口、公交站、交叉口及附近餐馆)在早高峰、非高峰、晚高峰3个时期的SO2,NO2及CO气体浓度进行了2周取样.利用统计学方法结合SPSS软件对4个监测点在同一时期的质量浓度变化、同一地点在3个时期的浓度变化及工作日与周末的浓度变化进行污染物时空分析.利用健康风险模型分析SO2,NO2及CO气体质量浓度可能对附近人群产生的健康风险.结果表明,所研究高校校区周边污染状况如下:CO质量浓度最低为0.27 mg/m3,最高为3.54 mg/m3.NO2质量浓度最低为3.44 μg/m3,最高为210 μg/m3.SO2质量浓度最低为19.63 μg/m3,最高为290 μg/m3.公交站、交叉口、餐馆处3处NO2的最高浓度在非工作日晚高峰期超过国家浓度限值,有可能对周边人群产生健康影响. 

Temporal and Spatial Distribution and Health Risks of Vehicle Pollution in High-populated Urban Areas

In order to forecast pollution level of SO2,NO2,and CO in high-populated areas,as well as their im-pacts on health,micro-monitor Cairpols are used to measure their concentration level at four monitoring points:a campus entrance,a bus stop,an intersection,and a restaurant,which are close to the Wuhan University of Technology.These data were collected within two weeks at morning peak,off peak,and evening peak hours.The spatial and temporal distri-butions of concentration of SO2,NO2,and CO are analyzed with statistical methods.A model is developed to estimate the health risks of SO2,NO2,and CO on nearby population.The results show that the concentration of CO at four monito-ring points is from 0.27 mg/m3 to 3.54 mg/m3;NO2 is from 3.44 μg/m3 to 210 μg/m3;and SO2 is from 19.63 μg/m3 to 290 μg/m3.The highest concentration of NO2is found at the bus stop,intersection,and restaurant at evening peak hours in weekends,which are all above the national limit and present health risk to nearby people.