考虑肌电信号的驾驶人弯道操纵行为分析

驾驶人是"人-车-路"闭环系统中的核心。近年来，研发人性化、个性化的汽车驾驶辅助系统逐渐成为行业热点。为了更加透彻地理解弯道驾驶行为特性，为弯道驾驶辅助系统提供功效评估与优化，提出了一种考虑肌电信号的驾驶人弯道行驶过程操纵行为分析方法。招募12名驾驶人在试验场标准路面上进行实车试验，其中包含6名专业试车师与6名普通驾驶人，要求驾驶人分别以30，40，50 km·h^-1的不同初速度驶入U形弯道并自由驾驶。试验过程中记录驾驶人颈部肌电信号数据和车辆运动状态数据，分析转弯行驶车辆侧向运动对不同驾驶能力的驾驶人生理体验的影响，同时进一步探讨不同类型驾驶人在不同入弯速度条件下颈部肌电信号与侧向加速度的关联差异特性。试验结果表明：相同工况下，专业驾驶人和普通驾驶人颈部肌电特征值存在显著差异，专业驾驶人颈部肌电信号特征与车辆侧向加速度呈现一定的线性关系；随着驾驶任务难度的增加，驾驶能力好的驾驶人能够较好地适应任务的变化，在进行纵侧向耦合操纵时能够较好地协调身体生理反应与车辆侧向运动保持较好的关联特性。研究成果为进一步探索并完善驾驶体验评价方法提供了新的研究思路，同时，可为汽车辅助驾驶系统功能设计与智能汽车行驶性能的用户体验测评提供技术支撑。

Electromyogram-based Driver's Manipulation Analysis During the Curve Road

The driver is the core of the "driver-vehicle-road" closed-loop system. In recent years, the development of humanized and personalized driving assistance systems have gradually become a hot spot in the industry area. In order to thoroughly understand the characteristics of curve driving behavior to provide efficiency evaluation and optimization for the curve driving assistance system, a method for analyzing driving behavior using an electromyogram (EMG) is proposed. A total of 12 drivers were recruited to perform vehicle tests on the standard test site, including 6 professional and 6 ordinary drivers. Drivers were required to enter the U-type curve at different initial speeds of 30, 40, and 50 km·h^-1 and then drive freely. During the test, the EMG signals of the driver's cervical muscles and data on the vehicle's motion were recorded synchronously. The impact of the vehicle's lateral movement on the physiological state of the driver could then be analyzed, and the driving operation of different types of drivers evaluated. The relationship between the difference in cervical EMG signal and lateral acceleration of different types of drivers at different speeds was explored further. Experimental results show there is a significant difference between the cervical EMG features of professional and ordinary drivers under the same driving conditions. A relative linear relationship is shown between the professional driver's cervical EMG feature and the vehicle's lateral acceleration. With an increase in difficulty of the driving task, the more capable driver can adapt to changes in task conditions more effectively and coordinate their body during the longitudinal-lateral coupling operation of curve driving; hence, their EMG feature displays a good correlation with the lateral movement of the vehicle. In addition, professional drivers are able to maintain a good physiological experience while driving in a safe and smooth curve. The results of this paper provide novel research ideas for further exploration and improvement of systems for evaluating driving experience. Equally, it can provide technical support for evaluating user experiences of both the functional design of advanced driver assistance systems (ADAS).