基于熵权的TOPSIS钢桥面防水黏结材料组合体系优选分析

为合理选择钢桥-沥青混凝土铺装结构防水黏结材料，首先，制作含不同防水黏结材料组合体系的钢板-沥青混凝土复合试件，并在低温（0℃）、常温（25℃）和高温（70℃）环境下分别测试复合试件的拉拔强度（Direct Tensile Strength，DTS）、直剪强度（Direct Shear Strength，DSS）和45°斜剪强度（Skew Shear Strength，SSS）。同时，利用UTM万能试验机测试常温（25℃）状态下复合试件的疲劳寿命。构建包括拉拔强度（DTS）、直剪强度（DSS）、45°斜剪强度（SSS）、疲劳寿命（Fatigue Life，FL）和材料成本（Materials Cost，MC）在内的钢桥面防水黏结材料评价指标体系。利用"信息熵"理论对评价指标的权重进行求解，结合逼近理想解排序（TOPSIS）方法，比较不同防水黏结材料组合体系的综合性能，建立基于熵权-TOPSIS钢桥面防水黏结材料组合体系优选模型，并获取优选结论。最后，通过图像二值化验证优选结论。结果表明：图像二值化分析结果与基于熵权-TOPSIS防水黏结材料组合体系优选模型得出的优选结论一致，验证了熵权-TOPSIS方法在钢桥面防水黏结材料优选设计中的有效性。该模型排除了人为主观因素影响，可为钢桥面防水黏结材料选择提供一种客观有效的方法。

Optimum Selection Analysis of Waterproof Bonding Materials for Steel Bridge Deck Based Using Entropy Weight-TOPSIS

This study is aimed at identifying the optimal waterproof bonding materials for building the asphalt pavement structure of a bridge deck. To this end, firstly, concrete composite specimens of steel plate and asphalt were fabricated with different waterproof bonding characteristics. Secondly, the direct tensile strength (DTS), direct shear strength (DSS), and skew shear strength (SSS) of the composite specimens were measured at low (0℃), normal (25℃), and high (70℃) temperatures. Additionally, the fatigue lives (FLs) of the composite specimens were measured at the normal temperature by using a universal testing machine (UTM). An evaluation index system was developed for the waterproof bonding materials used to build a steel deck on a bridge. The index comprised of DTS, DSS, 45° SSS, FL, and material cost (MC). The weight of the evaluation index was balanced using the information entropy theory. Subsequently, the comprehensive performances of the different composite specimens were compared using the Technique for Order of Preference by Similarity (TOPSIS). The optimal waterproof bonding materials to build the steel deck on a bridge were identified using a combination of the entropy weight method and TOPSIS, i.e., the entropy weight-TOPSIS method. Finally, the obtained results were validated using image binarization. The results of the image binarization analysis are consistent with those of the entropy weight-TOPSIS method. This confirms that the entropy weight-TOPSIS method is the optimal method for identifying waterproof bonding materials to build steel decks on bridges. Furthermore, the method eliminates the influence of subjective factors, and is objective as well as effective in the selection of the optimal waterproof bonding materials for manufacturing steel decks.