非拥挤路段自行车交通流特性研究

自行车是城市居民出行的主要方式之一，研究自行车交通流的特性对于合理规划道路交通资源，提高白行车交通服务水平具有重要意义。针对白行车交通流与机动车交通流的不同特征，提出了以单位面积车道上车辆集散程度定义白行车交通流密度的新方法，并基于调查数据，研究了非拥挤状态下自行车交通流密度、车速和流率3个参数的相关性，发现非拥挤自行车流的速度总是分布在接近期望车速的范围内，且与流率、密度无关，而速度的离散程度随着密度的增大而减小。最后，分析了车道、宽度与交通流3个参数的相关性，并建立了相应的回归模型，模型可用于在给定自行车交通需求以及服务水平条件下自行车道的设计宽度。

Properties of Bicycle Flow in Non-congested Road

Bicycle is one of the most important vehicles in China. It is significant to study the properties of bicycle flow in order to reasonably plan road traffic resources and improve bicycle traffic service. The properties and characteristics of bicycle flow are somewhat different from those of motor vehicle traffic flow. For this sake, this paper proposes a new definition of density for bicycle flow, which takes lane width into consideration. Based on experimental data, the relationships between density, flow rate and speed in non-congested bicycle flow are presented. It is found that speeds of non-congested bicycle flow which do not show remarkable relationships with density and flow rate always distribute in a small range very close to desired speed, and the speed dispersion decreases with the density increasing. Finally, the relationship between lane width and the three parameters are presented and a regression model is given. The proposed model can determine bicycle lane width when the demand of bicycle traffic and the level of service are given, which will improve the rationality in urban traffic planning and design.