齿轨铁路齿轨系统及轨下基础研究

齿轨铁路采用齿条与齿轮相啮合的方法,以提高线路的爬坡能力。齿轨铁路轨道由齿轨系统、钢轨、轨枕、道床等组成,适用于以旅游观光为主的大坡度山区。具有爬坡能力强、占地面积小、建设对环境破坏小等优点,已在国外得到大量使用,我国在多个旅游地也规划了齿轨铁路。系统研究齿轨系统的种类、轮轨-齿轨过渡装置、齿轨轨下结构,研究表明:在齿轨系统选择时,应综合考虑轨道下部基础、线路建设环境、施工难易程度等因素;过渡装置以三段缓冲入齿装置为最优;由于齿轨轨枕受力的特殊性,使得钢枕适用于齿轨铁路,对钢枕结构优化可延缓道砟劣化,提高道床稳定性,减少养护维修费用。

Track Structure System and Stress of Rack Railway

Rack railway enhances its climbing ability through meshing rack and gear.The track of rack railway consists of rack rail system,rail,sleeper,and ballast bed,which is applicable for tourism-oriented and large-gradient mountainous areas and has such advantages as good climbing ability,small land occupation and little environmental damage caused by construction.It has been widely used abroad and also planned for many tourist destinations in China.This paper studies the types of rack rail system,the wheel-rail and rack rail transition device,and the sub-rail structure of rack.The results are as follows:Factors such as sub-rail foundation,construction environment and difficulties of construction should be taken into overall consideration when selecting the rack rail system;the three-stage buffer gear meshing device is the ideal transition device;due to the special stress of rack rail sleepers,steel sleepers are suitable for rack railway.Optimizing the structure of steel sleepers can delay the deterioration of ballast,improve the stability of the ballast bed and reduce the maintenance cost.