400总吨以下货船生活污水防与治的思考

从《国内航行海船法定检验技术规则》(2004)2008年修改通报开始以船舶总吨作为是否适用防止船舶生活污水污染规定的条件,其适用范围不涵盖400总吨以下货船,和在治理船舶排放生活污水的法律条例、船舶水污染排放控制标准中,适用船舶范围与规则要求一致。这样对400总吨以下货船而言,就默认了允许该类船舶生活污水直排入海的现状,这与“让海洋更清洁”的愿景相违背。文中将结合国内航行海船法定检验技术规则和相关修改通报、现行法律法规和排放控制标准对国内航行海船中的400总吨以下货船生活污水防与治展开探讨并给出防治建议。

Consideration on the sewage water prevention and control of carg o ships under 400 gross tonnage

Since the release of the 2008 circular on the amendment for the Technical Rules for the Statutory Inspection of Seagoing Vessels Engaged in Domestic Voyages(2004)(hereinafter referred to as the Rules),the gross tonnage of ships has been used to determine the application of the regulations for the prevention of sewage pollution from ships.Its scope of application does not cover cargo ships of less than 400 gross tonnage,which is consistent with the scope of application as provided in the regulations on the control of sewage from ships and the standards for the discharge of pollutants from ships.Therefore,as far as ships of less than 400 gross tonnage are concerned,discharge of sewage directly into the sea is not forbidden,which goes against the vision of"For a Cleaner Ocean".The paper probes into the Rules and the relevant amendment,existing laws and regulations and discharge control standards on the prevention and control of sewage pollution by cargo ships of less than 400 gross tonnage engaged in domestic voyage and offers suggestions on prevention and control.