耙吸式挖泥船耙头内部泥沙运动及防淤堵策略分析

针对耙吸式挖泥船进行航道疏浚作业时,吸入的黏土容易在耙头内部堆积造成堵塞,导致疏浚效率下降的问题。通过研究耙头的结构发现,防止杂物进入泥泵的格栅为黏土堵塞的主要位置,对其进行基于双欧拉模型的流体动力学仿真研究,得出不同的工作参数和格栅角度对耙头压力、速度、泥沙浓度的影响。结果表明,耙头内部低速区容易发生泥沙沉积,高压水射流能提高局部流速,促进泥水混合,有利于泥浆的输送,施工过程如遇黏土将格栅前移能有效防止施工过程中的堵耙现象,提高耙吸式挖泥船的工作效率。

Analysis of sediment movement inside drag head of trailing suction hopper dredger and anti-blocking strategy

For the dredging operation of the trailing suction hopper dredger,the suctioned clay is easy to accumulate inside the drag head and cause blockage,which can lead to the problem of the dredging efficiency reduction.We study the structure of the drag head to find that the grille to prevent debris from entering the dredging pump is the main location of clay plugging.Based on the Euler-Euler model,we carry out fluid dynamics numerical study to analyze the pressure and speed of the drag head and obtain the influence of different working parameters and grid angle on drag head pressure,velocity,and sediment concentration.The results show that the low-velocity area inside the drag head is prone to clay plugging,and the high-pressure water jet can increase the local velocity and promote the mixing of clay and water.Moving forward of grille can effectively prevent the drag siltation during the construction clay process,and improve the working efficiency of the trailing suction hopper dredger.