车辆多体系统动力学方程的有限元法

用有限元法研究车辆多体系统的动力学建模。将车辆的车体、前后转向架和各轮对等刚体作为结点,相邻结点之间的弹簧阻尼系统作为单元。根据动力学总势能不变值原理,求得车辆系统的总质量矩阵,导出各弹簧阻尼单元的刚度矩阵、阻尼矩阵和轮对的蠕滑阻尼矩阵、蠕滑刚度矩阵。采用"对号入坐"法则,形成车辆系统的总阻尼矩阵和总刚度矩阵,并对轮轨约束边界条件进行处理,从而成功建立了车辆多体系统动力学方程。

The Finite Element Method for Establishing Dynamical Equations of Vehicle Multi-body System

The dynamical modeling of a vehicle multi-body system is studied with the finite element method. The vehicle carbody, bogies and wheelsets are all regarded as nodes. The system of springs and dampers between neighbouring nodes is regarded as an element. By applying the principle of dynamics total potential energy with stationary value, the mass matrix of the vehicle is obtained. The stiffness matrix and damping matrix of the element are derived. The creep stiffness matrix and creep damping matrix of the wheelset are also derived. The stiffness matrix and damping matrix of the vehicle are developed by the rule of "sitting in the right seat". Finally the boundary conditions of the wheel/rail constrain are discussed. Therefore, the dynamical equations of vehicle multi-body system is successfully established.