网约车服务对城市传统出租车使用的冲击效应

网约车服务的迅速发展对包括传统出租车在内的城市出行方式产生了重大冲击。针对传统出租车使用的冲击问题，收集中国33个地级及以上行政级别城市2010—2016年的平衡面板数据，采用双重差分法（DID）进行量化，并进行动态效应分析、稳健性检验、城市规模等级异质性和城市区位异质性分析。研究结果表明，网约车服务对传统出租车的使用产生显著的负向冲击，使传统出租车使用平均减少了25.46%；随着时间的推移，网约车服务对传统出租车使用的负向冲击呈现先加强后变弱的规律；城市规模异质性分析发现网约车服务致使超大城市中传统出租车使用减少了28.68%，致使大城市中传统出租车使用减少了22.12%；城市区位异质性分析发现网约车服务使东部城市传统出租车使用减少了27.96%，使西部城市传统出租车使用减少了21.2%。 

A Shock Effect of Ride-hailing Services on Using Traditional Taxis in Urban Areas

The rapid development of ride-hailing services significantly affects urban travel modes, including traditional taxis. An important issue is how it affects the use of traditional taxis. The balanced panel data of 33 cities in China from 2010 to 2016 are collected and quantified by difference-in-differences(DID)method. This paper also performs dynamic effect analysis, robustness test, and analysis on the city scale and urban location heterogeneities. The results show that ride-hailing services reduce the use of traditional taxis by an average of 25.46%. The negative impact of ride-hailing services initially strengthens and then weakens over time. Analysis of the city scale heterogeneity shows that ride-hailing services reduce the use of traditional taxis by 28.68% in megacities and 22.12% in the metropolis. Analysis of the city location heterogeneity of shows that ride-hailing services reduce the use of traditional taxis by 27.96% in eastern cities and 21.2% in western cities.