S形梁碰撞多参数优化设计

提出了一种新的碰撞优化方法,即将试验设计(DOE)、有限元分析(FEA)、响应面法(RSM)和遗传算法(GA)结合起来,对S形薄壁梁多结构参数进行抗撞性优化设计.通过提取实际车架上使用的S梁特征参数,建立了S梁的碰撞模型.运用方差分析(ANOVA),选取那些对S梁吸能特性影响显著的因素作为主要设计变量,采用显式非线性有限元软件PAM-CRASH进行碰撞模拟.根据有限元分析结果并结合响应面理论,建立了S梁的总吸能和最大冲击载荷的响应面模型.采用遗传算法进行优化求解,得到了S梁的最优设计参数.优化后的S梁在碰撞中的总吸能能力大大提高.

Parameters Optimization of S-shaped Rail for Crashworthiness Analysis

An S-rail impact model was established based on the parameters extracted from a true rail used in vehicle frame. An optimum cmshworthiness design method was presented and utilized to obtain parameters of the S-shaped rail structures. The methodology adopted in this research made use of design of experiments (DOE), finite element analysis (FEA), response surface method (RSM) and genetic algorithm (GA) . Parameters that have remarkable influence on energy absorption were determined as model variables for design based on analysis of variance (ANOVA) . The nonlinear explicit finite element software PAM-CRASH was used to simulate the rail impact. The quadratic models for energy absorption and maximum impact force were created by using response surface methodology with exploited finite element analysis results. The response surface model was interfaced with genetic algorithms to find the optimal parameter values of S-rail. The S-shaped rail can absorb much energy after its design optimization.