基于有限元分析的桥墩钢模的结构优化分析

以某特大桥桥墩混凝土施工中钢模板设计为背景，结合Midas Civil有限元分析软件建模仿真分析该钢模板在混凝土侧压力作用下的各构件受力，通过改变对拉杆刚度、对拉杆位置来确定钢模板整体结构的最优受力，结果表明：在一定的对拉杆刚度情况下，合理的对拉杆位置对结构整体受力有着很大的提升；增加对拉杆刚度可以加强结构受力，但该过程不是无止境的增加，而是非线性的，增加到一定刚度情况下结构受力达到一个相对稳固状态；同时提出一些在钢模板设计和检算中的主要问题并提出改善建议。

Study on Structural Optimization of Pier Steel Formwork Based on Finite Element Analysis

Taking the design of steel formwork in the concrete construction of a bridge pier as the background, combined with the modeling and simulation of the finite element analysis, the stress of each component of the steel formwork under the lateral pressure of concrete is analyzed. The optimal stress of the overall structure of steel formwork is determined by changing the stiffness and position of tie rod. The result shows that the reasonable position of tie rod can greatly improve the overall stress of structure at a certain stiffness of tie rod. The increase of tie rod stiffness can strengthen the stress of the structure. But this increase process is not endless, and is nonlinear. When the stiffness is increased to a certain extent, the structural stress reaches a relatively stable state. At the same time, the main problems in the design and checking calculation of steel formwork are put forward and the improvement suggestions are proposed.