电动汽车永磁同步轮毂电机无位置传感器控制方法综述

在石油开采过度和环境污染等问题愈来愈严重的情况下,世界各国政府和汽车生产商加大了对电动汽车的研发力度。目前,轮毂电机驱动电动汽车作为一种比较新的电动汽车形式,正受到世界各国汽车生产商的青睐。为了提高电动汽车整车控制性能,往往是采用普通机械式传感器的方法来获取轮毂电机的转子位置信息,来对轮毂电机进行矢量控制,这种方法不利于汽车的轻量化且容易发生故障。为了实现轮毂电机的矢量控制,对永磁轮毂电机全速度范围无位置传感器控制方法进行了重点分析,并对电动汽车永磁同步轮毂电机无位置传感器控制技术发展进行了展望,认为信号注入法的改进、参数敏感问题及切换算法的改进是未来的研究方向和发展趋势。

Overview of Sensorless Control Methods for Permanent Magnet Synchronous Wheel Hub Motors for Electric Vehicles

Governments and auto makers around the world have stepped up research and development of electric cars due to the growing problems of over exploitation and environmental pollution.At present,as a relatively new form of electric vehicles,hub-motor driven electric vehicles are favored by automobile manufacturers all over the world.In order to improve the control performance of the whole electric vehicle,the general mechanical sensor method is often used to obtain the rotor position information of the hub motor to carry out vector control of the hub motor,which is not conducive to the vehicle’s lightweight and prone to failure.In order to realize the vector control of the permanent magnet hub motor,the sensorless control method for the full speed range of the permanent magnet hub motor is analyzed.The development of sensorless control technology for permanent magnet synchronous hub motor of electric vehicle is prospected,and the improvement of signal injection method,parameter sensitivity and switching algorithm are the future research direction and development trend.