传感器优化布置在桥梁结构模态参数测试中的应用

介绍了一种桥梁结构模态参数测试中传感器优化布置的局部次优方法，也就是逐步消减法，该法基于识别误差最小原则，力求使得感兴趣的模态向量尽可能的线性无关。首先根据矩阵理论，通过QR分解使得矩阵列向量组具有较大范数，然后以MAC矩阵的最大非对角元为目标函数，根据传感器的可选位置对MAC矩阵的贡献大小，从剩余传感器的可选位置中去掉对目标函数贡献最小的可选位置，直到传感器数目达到最理想的数目。这种方法简单而且计算效率高，最后通过一个工程实例，验证了该法的可行性和有效性，具有广阔的工程应用前景。

Application of Optimal Sensor Placement in Modal Parameters Test of Bridge Structure

A local suboptimal method of optimal sensor placement(the successive reduce method) based on principle of minimum identification error and try to make interested modal vector linearly independent was introduced.Firstly according to matrix theory,column vector group was made to have larger norm by QR decomposition.Then taking the maximum off-diagonal element of the Modal Assurance Criterion(MAC) matrix as target function,the sensor of less contribution was abolished step by step based on the contribution of sensor placement to MAC matrix until the sensor number reaches an ideal one.The method is simple and effective,the feasibility and effectiveness of the method were testified through an engineering example,which shows that the method has a wide outlook in engineering application.