考虑合乘的共享自动驾驶汽车选择行为实证分析

共享自动驾驶汽车(Shared Autonomous Vehicles，SAV)是自动驾驶汽车和共享经济相结合的产物，为人们提供了一种新型的出行方式. 为探究出行者在考虑合乘的SAV与私家车或公共交通之间的选择偏好，实施了SAV选择意愿调查，并分析了考虑合乘的SAV的潜在用户特征. 基于问卷调查所得有效数据，采用K-Means 聚类法划分了历史出行模式，利用因子分析对性格态度特征进行了分类. 分别对有无私家车人群建立解释变量的参数服从不同分布的混合Logit 模型，并对参数标定结果进行对比分析. 研究结果表明，出行方式特性非常显著地影响出行者方式选择行为，性格态度特征是影响出行者选择考虑合乘的SAV出行方式的显著因素，且其显著性明显高于性别、年龄等社会经济属性.

Empirical Analysis of Choice Behavior for Shared Autonomous Vehicles with Concern of Ride-sharing

Shared autonomous vehicles (SAV) are the products of combining autonomous vehicles with shared economy and could provide a new travel mode for people. To explore travelers' choice preferences between SAV with the concern of ride- sharing and private car or public transit, the SAV choice preference survey was implemented, and the potential user characteristics for SAV with the concern of ride-sharing were analyzed. Based on the valid data obtained from the survey, the K-Means clustering method was used to classify historical travel modes, and the characteristics of character and attitude were classified using the factor analysis. In addition, two mixed Logit models in which the parameters of the explanatory variables were subject to different distributions were established for people with and without private cars, respectively, and the results of parameter calibration were compared and analyzed. The research results show that the characteristics of travel modes have extremely significant effects on travelers' mode choice behaviors; the characteristics of character and attitude are significant factors which affect travelers' choice for SAV with the concern of ride-sharing, and their significance is obviously higher than the significance of socio-economic attributes, such as gender, age and so on.