面向提升旅客出行效率的高速铁路列车停站方案优化

优化长距离高速铁路列车的停站方案，应平衡好提高大站间快车比例与增加中小站列车服务频率之间的关系. 基于减少列车中小站停站次数，增加相邻大站间站站停列车等策略，以旅客的列车停站时间损失和换乘等待时间损失总和最少为目标，建立列车停站方案优化的混合整数规划模型，并设计遗传算法求解. 对京广高铁现状列车停站方案进行优化，优化后的方案与实际方案相比：大站间快车数增加94.4%，增强了高铁竞争力；相邻大站间站站停列车和中小站列车频率至少为1 列/(3 h)，提升了旅客换乘出行的便捷性；旅客时间损失减少40.08%，总体出行效率得到较大地提升.

Train Stop Plan Optimization of High-speed Rail for Improving Passenger Travel Efficiency

When optimizing train stop plan of long distance high-speed rail (HSR) lines, the relationship between increasing the number of fast trains between major stations and enhancing the train service frequency at non-major stations should be appropriately balanced. Based on using strategies of eliminating stops at non-major stations, and adding all- stop trains running between two adjacent major stations, this paper proposes a mixed integer programming model to optimize the train stop plan. The goal is to minimize the total passenger time loss generated both from train stops and transfers, and a genetic algorithm is designed to solve the model. The approach was applied to improve a practical train stop plan of Beijing-Guangzhou HSR. Comparing the optimal plan with the actual one, the number of fast trains was increased by 94.4%, which enhanced the competitiveness of HSR. The frequency of all- stop trains and the train frequency of non-major stations were at least 1 train/(3 h), which benefited passengers who need to transfer. The time loss of passengers was reduced by 40.08%. The overall travel efficiency of passengers was improved.