基于循环波浪荷载下的码头结构损伤过程*

深水码头多处在自然条件复杂的外海,在海洋波浪循环荷载作用下,许多码头在未达到设计使用年限时便已产生严重损伤而无法使用。针对海洋波浪循环荷载作用下码头整体结构的特殊损伤情况,根据工程实际,采用ANSYS软件建立了高桩码头的地基-桩-上部结构整体有限元模型。采用损伤本构关系,建立海洋土软化系数经验公式,模拟分析了不同运行年限后码头损伤破坏规律。研究结果显示:裂纹最早从面板开始,并且裂纹逐渐向横梁底部发展;但由于地基土的软化与混凝土的软化不同步,10 a后增加的裂纹先从横梁的底部开始。因此设计时应考虑循环波浪荷载对码头桩基-上部结构的整体影响,根据实际桩基与上部结构的协同作用机理采用相应的措施,使设计更加科学可靠。

Damage process on wharf structure under wave cyclic loading

Deep-water wharves are mostly located in the ocean with complex natural conditions.Under the action of ocean wave cyclic loading,many wharves have been seriously damaged and cannot be used before they reach the designed life.On account of special damages to the overall structure of the wharf under cyclic loading of ocean waves,according to the engineering experience,ANSYS software is used to establish the integral finite element model for foundation-pile-superstructure of high-piled wharf.With damage constitutions used,we established the empirical formula of sea soil softening coefficient,simulated and analyzed the damage and damage law of wharves after different operating years.The results show that the crack starts from the panel at the earliest and gradually develops to the bottom of the beam.However,the softening of foundation soil is out of step with that of concrete.Cracks that increase after 10 years start with the bottom of the beam.Therefore,the overall impact of cyclic wave loads on the pile-upper structure of wharf should be considered in designing,and according to the synergistic action mechanism between the actual pile foundation and the superstructure,corresponding measures make the design more scientific and reliable.