Impacts of biodiesel blending on freight emissions in the Midwestern United States |
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| Authors: | Matt Johnston Erica Bickford Tracey Holloway Chris Dresser Teresa M. Adams |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Center for Sustainability and the Global Environment, Nelson Institute for Environmental Studies, University of Wisconsin—Madison, Madison, WI 53726, USA;2. National Center for Freight and Infrastructure Research and Education, University of Wisconsin—Madison, Madison, WI 53726, USA;3. Institute on the Environment, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN 55108, USA;4. US Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Transportation and Air Quality, Ann Arbor MI, USA;1. Environmental Materials R&D Center, TYK Corporation, 3-1 Ohbata-cho, Tajimi-shi, Gifu 507-8607, Japan;2. Department of Mechanical Science and Engineering, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya-shi, Aichi 464-8603, Japan;1. L.V. Pisarzhevsky Institute of Physical Chemistry of the NAS of Ukraine, 31 Prosp. Nauky, 03028 Kyiv, Ukraine;2. UPMC Univ Paris 06, Laboratoire de Réactivité de Surface, Case 178, Site d’Ivry-Le Raphaël, 3 rue Galilée, 94200 Ivry sur Seine, France;3. CNRS-UMR 7197, Laboratoire de Réactivité de Surface, Case 178, Site d’Ivry-Le Raphaël, 3 rue Galilée, 94200 Ivry sur Seine, France;1. CNRT/CRISMAT ENSICAEN, 14050 Caen Cedex 4, France;2. Paris School of Mines – Paristech, Materials Center, CNRS UMR 7633, 91003 Evry Cedex, France;3. Peugeot Citröen – Technical Center, 78943 Vélizy-Villacoublay Cedex, France;4. Faurecia Emissions Control Technologies, 25550 Bavans, France;5. Saint-Gobain – CREE, 84306 Cavaillon Cedex, France;1. State Key Laboratory of Advanced Design and Manufacturing for Vehicle Body, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China;2. College of Mechanical and Vehicle Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China;1. Instituto de Investigaciones en Catálisis y Petroquímica, INCAPE (FIQ, UNL-CONICET), Santiago del Estero 2829, 3000 Santa Fe, Argentina;2. Instituto de Catálisis y Petroleoquímica (ICP), CSIC, C/Marie Curie 2, Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain |
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| Abstract: | We use a combination of petroleum–diesel models, datasets and tools along with biodiesel-specific corrections to create a roadway-level emissions inventory capable of evaluating spatial, temporal and scale aspects of fuel distribution options for the Midwestern US. Specifically, we compare the emissions of a year-round “low-blend” biodiesel implementation scenario, already under consideration in a variety of states, with a more strategic summer-only, interstate-only “high-blend” scenario. Our results indicate that spatial and seasonal distribution decisions do affect the overall emissions impacts of any biodiesel deployment, even those at low-blend levels. However, we also finds that changes in emissions due to biodiesel are considerably smaller than those anticipated from improvements to engine and control technologies. |
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