2020全球限硫令对海员权益的影响

2020全球限硫令的推出,对各方均造成了极大的影响。为确保海员权益不受损害,文章结合国内外资料以及对部分海员的访谈,在国内首次系统分析了2020全球限硫令的实施对海员在人身安全、职业健康、工作休息、工资报酬、责任追究等五方面影响;并首次从船东和主管机关的角度分别提出了履行2020全球限硫令时保护海员权益的建议,即船东要加强培训、确保船舶配员、关注海员职业健康和工资报酬,船旗国和港口国主管机关要加强海员权益保护检查、确保提供合格燃料油以及给予海员足够的宽容和理解等。

The Influence of 2020 Global Sulphur Limitation Order on Seafarers’ Rights and Interests

The enforcement of the 2020 Global Sulfur Cap has greatly affected all stakeholders in the shipping community.In order to ensure the protection of seafarers’rights and interests,the author,based on a review of both domestic and foreign materials as well as interviews with seafarers,systematically analyzes the negative impacts on seafarers resulting from the implementation of the 2020 Global Sulfur Cap from the aspects of seafarers'safety,occupational health,work and rest,wages,and penalty,etc.Furthermore,from the perspective of the shipowner and the competent authorities,the paper,for the first time in China,puts forward proposals on protecting the rights and interests of seafarers when implementing the 2020 Global Sulfur Cap,including strengthening the training conducted by shipowners,ensuring ship manning,and attaching importance to seafarers'occupational health and wages.In addition,the competent authorities of flag states and port states should strengthen the inspection concerning the protection of seafarers'rights and interests,ensure the supply of qualified fuel oil,and relieve the accountability of seafarers.