高铁快运背景下生鲜农产品的最优订货决策

针对高铁快运运输速度快和生鲜农产品易发生质量损耗的特性，建立高铁快运背景下生鲜农产品供应链的最优订货决策模型.运用指数函数模型刻画生鲜农产品的新鲜度随运输时间的衰减关系；鉴于高铁快运和普通运输在单位运输费用和运输时间上的差异，在供应商主导和零售商主导两种决策模式下，定量化分析供应链主导者选择高铁快运的必要条件.研究结果表明:基于高铁快运的生鲜农产品供应链系统存在最优的订货策略；供应商比零售商受高铁快运的单位运输费用影响更大；供应链最大化期望利润是关于生鲜农产品新鲜度参数和价格弹性指数的单调减函数. 

Optimal Order Decision Making for Fresh Agricultural Products Delivered by High-Speed Railway

In the context of the fast speed of high-speed rail express transportation and the perishability of fresh agricultural products, this study constructed an optimal order decision-making model for the supply chain of fresh agricultural products. The exponential function model is proposed to measure the decay of fresh agricultural products' freshness with transportation time. Considering the difference between high-speed rail transportation and ordinary transportation in terms of unit transportation cost and transportation time, the necessary conditions for supply chain leaders to choose high-speed rail express were quantitatively analyzed under two decision-making modes:supplier-dominated and retailer-dominated. The research shows that there is an optimal pricing and ordering strategy for the supply chain of fresh agricultural products transported by high-speed rail. The supplier is more sensitive to the per unit transportation cost of the high-speed rail than the retailer. The maximum expected profit of a supply chain is a monotonically decreasing function of the freshness of fresh agricultural products and the price elasticity coefficient.