码头工程对山区河道水流特性影响试验研究

不同型式码头对工程河段水流特性的影响程度对于防洪问题和工程可行性研究意义重大。文章研究了37组次不同条件下的码头工程对山区河道水位的影响,同时还研究了24组次不同条件下的码头工程对山区河道流速的影响。结果表明,码头工程的相对最大水位壅高值主要与其阻水面积率、弗汝德数和码头工程结构型式有关,得出了计算码头工程的相对最大水位壅高值的关系式;并根据实测数据分析了各类码头工程附近的流速变化情况,分析表明工程对附近河段的最大流速增值与影响范围均随工程阻水能力和附近流速的增加而增长;从流速变化的平面分布上看,工程前沿至对岸的上、下游流速会增加,工程侧的上、下游流速会减小。

Experimental study on impact of wharf structures on flow characteristics in mountain stream

The impact of various wharf structures on flow characteristics is an important consideration in flood control and project feasibility studies.In this paper,the impact of different wharf layout schemes on flow characteristics in mountain stream was studied,specifically 37 sets of schemes for water level,and 24 sets of schemes for flow velocity.The experimental results indicate that the relative maximum water level rise caused by wharf structures is mainly related to the blockage ratio,Froude number and the structural form of wharfs.An experimental expression for the relative maximum water level rise caused by wharf structures was also developed. Based on the experimental data,the velocity distribution around different wharf structures was analyzed.It is observed that the impact of wharf structures on maximum velocity rise and the impact extent increase as blockage and velocity increase.In terms of the plane distribution,flow velocity decreases at the wharf-side,but increases at the other side of river.