岩爆灾害研究与进展

为阐明岩爆机理,减少岩爆灾害,对岩爆的定义、分类、研究方法、特征、形成条件、预测方法及防治措施进行了系统的阐述。在前人工作的基础上,结合国内外已有的工程实例,对岩爆的时空特征和发生部位的岩性特征进行了剖析,对已有的岩爆研究方法和预测方法进行了合理分类和简要介绍,指出了部分研究方法的不足之处和预测工作的发展趋势。综合现有研究表明:岩爆分类采用的标准各有不同,其研究方法还具有改进的空间;适用于大部分工程的岩爆预测方法仍在探索和完善中;有效的岩爆防治措施有待进一步研究和优化。

Progress in Research of the Rockburst Hazard

In order to clarify the mechanism of rockburst and reduce this hazard,the definition,classification,re search methods,characteristics,forming conditions,prediction methods and prevention and control measures of rockburst are elaborated systematically.On the basis of previous research work and engineering practice both at home and abroad,the temporal and spatial characteristics of rockburst and the lithological characteristics of occur rence location of rockburst are analyzed,reasonable classification and brief introduction of the existing research and prediction methods of rockburst are conducted,the defects of some existing research methods and the development trend of rockburst prediction are pointed out.The comprehensive research shows that:there is no uniform standard for rockburst classification currently,and their research methods are improvable;the rockburst prediction methods applicable to most engineering projects are still in exploration and improvement;effective measures to prevent and control rockburst need to be optimized and further studied.