构皮滩升船机中间渠道通航隧洞和渡槽的尺度研究

构皮滩水电站通航建筑物采用带二级中间渠道的三级垂直升船机方案,其中第一级中间渠道由单线通航隧洞、渡槽、明渠及错船段组成。采用水工物理模型和船模试验,对第一级中间渠道的航行水力条件、单线通航隧洞和渡槽的尺度进行了系列研究。结果表明,船舶航行阻力、下沉量和渠道内水位波动随着船舶航速的增大而增大,一定航速条件下,渠道内还将产生横波,对船舶航行安全影响较大,应避免;错船段和单线渠道的连接应平顺,并应注意船舶从单线渠道航行至错船段时,因阻力减小,造成航速突然增大的影响。试验提出了不同航速条件下的单线通航渠道合理尺度,优化了错船段的位置,建议单线渠道宽采用18 m,水深不小于3.0 m,船舶航速小于等于1.2 m/s。

Test on scale of navigation tunnel and canal bridge in the intermediate channel between ship lifts of Goupitan Power Station

The navigation structures of Goupitan Power Station adopted three vertical ship lifts linked by two intermediate channels.The first intermediate channel consisted of navigation tunnel,canal bridge and open canal.By hydraulic physical model and ship model experiments,the navigation hydraulic conditions and the one-way channel scale of navigation tunnel and canal bridge in the first intermediate channel were serially studied.The results show that ship sailing resistance,sinkage and waves in intermediate channel increase with the increasing of ship speed.Transverse wave would emerge under the condition of certain ship speed,and it should be avoided.The connection between two-way channel and one-way channel should be smooth.When the ship is sailing from one-way channel to two-way channel,the effect of the ship speed suddenly increased because of the resistance decreased should be paid attention to.The one-way channel scale of navigation tunnel and canal bridge corresponding to different navigation velocities were proposed in this paper.The site of two-way channel was also optimized.The width of the one-way channel should be 18 m,and the water depth should not be less than 3.0 m.The ship speed should not be greater than 1.2 m/s in the first intermediate channel of Goupitan Power Station.