跟驰车流中的反应时间和车头间距研究

为了研究利用驾驶模拟舱研究驾驶行为的效果,考虑道路几何线形、交通设施、环境条件、交通条件等因素,以北京四环道路环境为例搭建模拟场景,在该模拟环境和相应真实道路环境下进行车辆跟驰实验,提取并对比了加减速跟车状态下的反应时间和车头间距数据,从虚拟环境深度线索和仿真车辆行为特性两方面分析了实验结果.研究结果表明,在加速和减速跟驰状态, 在仿真环境中的驾驶人反应时间均略大于真实道路环境,但差别不显著;仿真环境下的车头间距显著大于真实环境;采用驾驶模拟舱研究驾驶行为时,需修正与距离相关的参数才能得到与实际道路环境相符的结果,修正系数的取值范围为1.5~2.0. 

Reaction Time and Headway in Car-Following Flow

In order to investigate the effect of using driving simulator to simulate driving behaviors, car following experiments were conducted in virtual and real road environments using the fourth ring road in Beijing as an example to create simulation scenarios and taking into account the factors such as geometry alignment, traffic equipment, environment condition, and traffic condition. The reaction time and headway of car-following flow in acceleration and deceleration states were compared between driving simulator and real-world environment, and the experimental results were interpreted in terms of monocular depth cues in virtual environment and behavior characteristics of the simulated vehicles. The results show that the reaction time of drivers in car-following acceleration and deceleration states in the virtual situation is slightly larger than that in the real situation. The headway in virtual environment is significantly larger than that in the real environment. When using simulator to study driving behaviors, distance-related parameters need to be modified to obtain consistent results with the actual road environment, and the range of correction coefficient is between 1.5 to 2.0.