基于标准研究横风下车辆运行安全性简化方法

为了探究一种分析车辆在横风作用下运行安全性的简化方法。基于标准EN14067-6中简化三质量模型和气动系数的预测公式,编制Matlab程序绘制国内某速度160 km/h动力车的风特性表,对该动力车在横风作用下运行安全性做出评估。三质量模型力矩平衡公式表明若未平衡力方向和横风风向同向,车辆运行时更容易被倾覆;由风特性表可知,该动力车在横风风速为33 m/s作用下,车辆不受未平衡力时,安全运行速度可达到200 km/h。因此该动力车过曲线遇到恶劣的横风时,应及时调整车辆运行速度到均衡速度附近,可以保证运行安全。利用三质量模型力矩平衡公式和预测公式可以简化地评价车辆在横风作用下的运行安全性。

Research on Simplified Safety Assessment of Vehicle Subject to Crosswind

In order to explore a simplified way to assess the safety of vehicle subject to crosswind,wind characteristic tables for a domestic motor vehicle of 160 km/h are prepared by compiling Matlab program according to the simplified three-mass model in the standard EN14067 and the prediction formula of aerodynamic coefficient.The formula shows that if the uncompensated lateral force and crosswind are in the same direction,the vehicle is more likely to overturn;the characteristic wind tables demonstrate that the safe running speed of the vehicle can reach 200 km/h when the vehicle subject to 33 m/s crosswind is independent of uncompensated lateral force.So,for operation safety,the vehicle running speed should be adjusted near the equilibrium speed when the vehicle encounters bad crosswind running in curve.Threemass model and prediction formula can be used to simplify the assessment of the safety of the vehicle subject to crosswind.