贵广高铁隧道防灾救援疏散预案研究

随着隧道及隧道群的规模逐渐增大,隧道防灾救援成为铁路行业亟待解决的问题。我国长大铁路隧道建设有2种模式,即双洞单线1]模式和单洞双线2]模式,车站之间区间隧道有单体隧道和隧道群,其防灾救援策略及对策是不同的。总体而言,单体隧道和隧道群的防灾救援模式有定点停车救援和随机停车救援2种情况。结合铁路现有管理体制,以贵阳至广州高速铁路为例,提出隧道突发事件应急救援组织机构,在此基础上制定定点停车和随机停车救援疏散预案执行顺序,明确应急救援的范围和体系,建立各系统的联动机制,有利于做出及时的应急响应,降低事故的危害程度。

Research on Evacuation Plan for Disaster Prevention and Rescue of Guiyang-Guangzhou High-speed Railway Tunnel

With the increasing scale of tunnel and tunnel group,disaster prevention and rescue has become an urgent issue in railway industry. There are two modes of construction of long railway tunnel,namely two-tunnel one-track and one-tunnel two-track. Inter-station tunnel has two types: single tunnel and tunnel group with different corresponding strategies and countermeasures for disaster prevention and rescue. Generally speaking,there are two modes of disaster prevention and rescue for single tunnel and tunnel group,namely accurate train parking rescue and random parking rescue. With reference to the existing management system of railway and Guiyang-Guangzhou high-speed railway,this paper puts forward the organization of emergency rescue in case of tunnel emergency and formulates the execution order of rescue and evacuation for accurate train parking and random parking. The confirmation of the range and system of emergency rescue and the establishment of the linkage mechanism of every system facilitate timely emergency response and reduction of the damage degree of accidents.