Optimal transport strategies for European cities |
| |
Authors: | May Anthony D Shepherd Simon P Timms Paul M |
| |
Institution: | (1) Institute for Transport Studies, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT;(2) Institute for Transport Studies, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT |
| |
Abstract: | A new procedure for generating optimal transport strategies has been applied in nine European cities. A public sector objective
function which reflects concerns over efficiency, environmental impact, finance and sustainability is specified and a set
of policy measures with acceptable ranges on each, identified. Optimal strategies based on combinations of these policy measures
which generate the optimal value of the objective function, are identified, and compared between cities. Resulting policy
recommendations are presented. The results demonstrate the importance of an integrated approach to transport strategy formulation.
They emphasise the role of changes in public transport service levels and of fares, and of charges for car use. By contrast,
new infrastructure projects are less frequently justified. In the majority of cities the revenues from car use charges are
sufficient to finance other elements in the strategy. However, private sector involvement either in initial financing or in
operation may be desirable. Revised objective functions to reflect private sector involvement are specified, and optimal strategies
with private sector operation of public transport are also identified. The requirement to meet private sector rates of return
for public transport operation typically results in lower frequencies and higher fares; charges for car use then need to be
raised to satisfy public policy objectives, but system performance is reduced.
This revised version was published online in June 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. |
| |
Keywords: | efficiency optimisation strategy sustainability transport urban |
本文献已被 SpringerLink 等数据库收录! |
|