高能搁浅下双层底结构的损伤特性研究

船舶搁浅事故会引起船体破损、环境污染和人员伤亡等严重后果.研究船舶搁浅,不仅有利于海上生命安全、防止海洋污染,还可为船体结构的抗冲击设计及规范航运繁忙区域中船舶的航速、操作规程提供一定的依据.本文用数值仿真法研究了船舶高能搁浅中的内部力学问题,分析了典型双层底结构的损伤变形、受力和能量耗散等结果,提出了一种新式的抗搁浅YF双层底结构,并与原结构进行了比较.研究表明,损伤变形集中于结构与礁石相接触的区域,高能搁浅内部力学问题的研究可以主要考虑局部的船体结构;肋板的存在显著增加了船底结构的抗搁浅能力;高能搁浅过程中,由于垂直方向的接触力,礁石对双层底的垂向贯入量会略有减小;当纵桁远离搁浅区域时,它的吸能能力无法发挥,抗搁浅作用很弱;YF双层底结构比原结构具有更大的吸能能力和抗搁浅力.

Research on Damage Characteristics of Double Bottom Structure in Ship Hard Grounding

Accidents of ship grounding will cause such disasters as ship hull damage, environmental pollution, lost lives and so on. Researching ship grounding is not only good for people's secularity on sea and preventing marine pollution,but also can present foundation for ships in crowd water transport area in terms of standardizing velocity and operation rules. In this paper, internal mechanics of ship hard grounding is studied by numerical simulation method.Results of damage deformation, contact forces, and energy dissipation are analyzed.A new anti-grounding double bottom structure - YF is presented.The study shows that damage deformation is focused in the area where the structure and the rock contact, so the research on internal mechanics of hard grounding may mainly consider local ship structure; existence of floors increases remarkably the ability of resisting grounding of bottom structure; in hard grounding process, the vertical penetration of rock into double bottom will decrease slightly because of vertical contact force;energy absorption ability of longitudinal girder can not perform and its resisting grounding effect will be negligible,when it is far from grounding area;both energy absorption ability and grounding force of YF double bottom structure are evidently higher than routine structure.