旅游轨道交通桥梁设计特点分析——以张家界市旅游轨道交通为例

旅游轨道交通是一种新型的交通方式,受地形及增加景区收益属性要求,以往选线及桥梁设置理念已不能满足要求。针对桥梁与旅游轨道的适宜性分析,总结旅游轨道交通桥梁设置的特点。运用力学公式、有限元软件对大纵坡、小半径空间复合曲线梁体及落石防护等进行计算,以及对景观设计发展进行探讨,得出结论:七星山地形适宜采用山底轮轨、登山段齿轨、山顶悬挂式空轨的多制式组合系统;梁端部加牛腿的构造可有效简化外界受力,适应大纵坡下梁体设置;小半径空间复合曲线梁的计算复杂,空间多自由度力学问题研究不足,需要进一步研究;大纵坡,小半径条件下宜多采用连续刚构桥式;旅游轨道桥梁应重视外观概念设计,以增强景区适应性,我国桥梁亟需提高景观概念设计及研究水平;高桥段落落石防护宜采用桥梁和防护结构一体化结构;桥梁装配式施工的核心问题是构造尺寸标准化设计,需进一步加强研究。

Analysis of Bridge Design Characteristics of Tourism Rail Transit——Taking Zhangjiajie Tourist Rail Transit as an Example

Tourism rail transit is a new type of transportation. Due to the terrain constrain and increased demand for tourism income from scenic spots, the previous concept of route selection and bridge setting can not meet the requirements. According to the suitability analysis of bridges and tracks, the characteristics of bridge installation in tourism rail transit are summarized. By means of mechanical formulas, finite element software is used to calculate composite curved beams and rockfall protection in large longitudinal slope and small radius space, and to discuss the development of landscape design. It is concluded that the multi-system combination system of wheel rail at the foot of the mountain, tooth rail in mountaineering section and suspended rail on top of the mountain is suitable for Qixing Mountain. The structure of beam end with bracket can effectively simplify the external forces and adapt to the setting of beams on large longitudinal slopes The calculation of space composite curved beams with small radius is complex, and the current study on space multi-degree-of-freedom mechanics is insufficient, which requires further study. The continuous rigid frame bridge should be used more under large longitudinal slopes and small radius conditions. The concept of exterior appearance should be emphasized in tourism track bridges. In order to enhance the adaptability of scenic spots, it is urgent to improve the level of landscape conceptual design and research, and integrated structure of bridge and protective structure should be adopted for rockfall protection of high bridge sections. The key problem of bridge assembly construction falls in the standard design of structural dimensions and further study needs to be enhanced.