电动自行车交通发展的主要趋势——近10年文献综述

电动自行车是交通市场增长最快的领域之一,2012年总销售量超过3100万辆.相关研究的数量不断上升,鉴于此,对过去蓬勃发展的与电动自行车最相关的主题进行综合分析.将研究重点放在电动自行车交通及需要注意的最关键的研究缺口方面,而非休闲娱乐.中国的电动自行车销量在世界占领先地位,荷兰、德国紧随其后.电动自行车能够以较少能耗保持一定速度,也有研究发现电动自行车能增加自行车使用率.电动自行车有潜力取代传统机动交通方式(内燃式),但在取代传统自行车方面所扮演的角色仍存在争议.电动自行车不仅有益身体健康,并且相同行驶里程下,碳排放水平显著低于小汽车.在某些地区,安全问题上升到政策层面,目前电动自行车的数量已经足以搜集到丰富的安全数据.尽管如此,关于电动自行车的研究目前仍处于萌芽阶段.随着电动自行车数量的不断上升,为了向政策制定者以及整个行业提供必要的数据,相关领域的进一步研究需求也日益增长.

E-bikes in the Mainstream:Reviewing a Decade of Research

Electric bicycles (e-bikes) represent one of the fastest growing segments of the transport market. Over 31 million e-bikes were sold in 2012. Research has followed this growth and this paper provides a synthesis of the most pertinent themes emerging over the past on the burgeoning topic of e-bikes. The fo-cus is transport rather than recreational e-bike research, as well as the most critical research gaps requiring attention. China leads the world in e-bike sales, followed by the Netherlands and Germany. E-bikes can maintain speed with less effort. E-bikes are found to increase bicycle usage. E-bikes have the potential to displace conventional motorised (internal combustion) modes, but there are open questions about their role in displacing traditional bicycles. E-bikes have been shown to provide health benefits and an order of mag-nitude less carbon dioxide than a car travelling the same distance. Safety issues have emerged as a policy issue in several jurisdictions and e-bike numbers are now approaching levels in which adequate safety data are able to be collected. Research on e-bikes is still in its infancy. As e-bike usage continues to grow, so too will theneed for further research, in order to provide the necessary data to inform policy-makers and indus-try.