对欧美建筑行业职业安全健康管理模式的理解与思考

研究目的:欧美等发达国家对职业安全健康的监督管理工作起步较早,其法律法规相对比较完善,政府、社会中介以及企业的监管体系相对比较健全,运作模式比较成熟,因此对其管理模式进行研究,对于我国加强职业安全健康监管工作具有很强的借鉴意义。研究方法:作者在实地考察的基础上,对德国、英国、美国等国家建筑行业的职业安全健康管理模式进行了系统的介绍、分析与对比,就如何提高我国建筑施工安全生产、劳动卫生管理工作进行探索与思考。研究结果:我国建筑行业职业安全健康监督管理工作与西方发达国家比,尚存在一定的差距,有待于进一步规范与提高。研究结论:政府要通过政策引导,强化政府监督职能,弱化管理职能;扶持中介机构发育,发挥其中介服务职能;规范建筑市场,落实职业安全健康专项费用;提高全民素质,加强全社会安全生产意识。

Understanding and Thought on Management Mode of Occupational Safety and Health for Construction Industry in European Countries and America

Research purposes: The developed countres, such as European countries and America did supervision work for occupational safety and health long time ago and created more complete laws and legal rules, more perfect supervision systems of government, social intermediate institution and enterprise and more mature operation modes of it, so making research on their management mode has a great significance for our country to strengthen supervision work for occupational safety and health.Research methods:On the base of the on-the-spot investigation, an introduction is given in this paper to the management mode of occupational safety and health for construction industry in Germany, UK and USA, also the analysis and comparison are made, and finally the exploration and thinking are presented on how to improve management works for safe production and keeping health of labourer for Chinese construction industry. Research results:There is a certain gap in the supervision work for safety and health for Chinese construction industry compared with the developed countries and the work should be regulated and improved. Research conclusions:The government shall strengthen its supervision function and weaken its management function with policy, support the development of intermediate institution and play their service function, regulate the construction market, make sure the special funds for occupational safety and health, improve the quality of entire people and strengthen the consciousness of safe production for whole society.