The transition to zero-emission buses in public transport – The need for institutional innovation |
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| Institution: | 1. Sjoerd Bakker Research & Consultancy, Merwedekade 100, 3521EP Utrecht, The Netherlands;2. Department OTB - Research for the Built Environment, Faculty of Architecture and the Built Environment, Delft University of Technology, Jaffalaan 9, 2628 BX Delft, The Netherlands;1. Energy and Climate Studies Unit, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden;2. Integrated Transport Research Lab (ITRL), KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden;3. International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis (IIASA), Laxenburg, Austria;1. School of Environment and State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China;2. State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Sources and Control of Air Pollution Complex, Beijing 100084, China;3. Administrative Centre for China''s Agenda 21, Beijing 100038, China;4. Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA;1. McMaster Institute for Transportation and Logistics, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, ON, L8S 4K1, Canada;2. Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Department, York University, 4700 Keele St., Toronto, ON, M3J 1P3, Canada;1. Chair for Electrochemical Energy Conversion and Storage Systems, Institute for Power Electronics and Electrical Drives (ISEA), RWTH Aachen University, Jaegerstrasse 17-19, 52066 Aachen, Germany;2. Juelich Aachen Research Alliance, JARA-Energy, Germany;3. DTU Management Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, Denmark;4. Institute for Power Generation and Storage Systems (PGS), E.ON Energy Research Center, RWTH Aachen University, Germany |
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| Abstract: | Zero-emission buses (ZEBs) are considered a vital element in the transition to a more sustainable (urban) transport system. Both battery-electric and hydrogen fuel cell buses do however face significant barriers to large-scale implementation. These barriers, e.g. high investment costs and limited driving range, are generally regarded as exogenous technological barriers which are beyond the sphere of influence of actors in the public transport sector. In this paper we question this assumption and therefore we look at the role of institutions in public bus transport. Based on a series of interviews with stakeholders in the Dutch public transport sector we argue that various regulative, normative, and cognitive institutions discourage the use of zero-emission buses in public transport. We conclude with several suggestions for institutional innovation to increase the chances for these buses. |
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| Keywords: | Electric buses Electric mobility Public transport Innovation Institutional innovation |
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